At what week you can find out the sex of the child during pregnancy and what does it depend on?

To know the sex of the baby during pregnancy as early as possible is the cherished dream of every future mother. To achieve it, women go to a variety of tricks: guessing by blood type and Chinese tables, wedding rings are hung on threads over a flat stomach, etc. But the question remains open. And the point is not that it is so important for a woman to find out the sex right now, but that she simply does not have enough patience to wait for the deadline for which it will not be difficult to determine sex.

Gender not determined by any particular week of pregnancyas some think, not in any particular month of pregnancy, and from the very beginning, as soon as conception took place. One of the sperm can make its way through the dense membrane of the oocyte, for the remaining male cells, the entrance to the egg from this moment is closed. They will continue to “tread around” until they die. Only one male cell will get a chance to fertilize an oocyte..

After this, the sperm discards its tail and the process of cell nucleus fusion begins: 23 chromosomes with one side and 23 chromosomes with the other. A total of 46 chromosomes, from which a separate organism (or rather, its cell) with its own set of DNA will appear by merging and replacing in pairs. Thus, it is the genome that is primary, which already contains all the information about the future child.

Imagine, for now, it is only a single-celled organism called a zygote, and already a person who has exactly the predetermined color of hair and eyes knows at the genomic level how tall this person will be, what will be his preferences and abilities, will he love play the violin or he has a talent for drawing.

For the formation of the floor is responsible 21 pair of chromosomes. For a woman, she always looks like XX. But for men in 21 pairs of chromosomes are different - XY. The ovum always carries genetic material with data from the twentieth century. And sperm are of two types: XX and XY.

You do not need to have a particularly deep knowledge of genetics - a school biology program is enough to understand that when the egg cell merges with the male cell, which brings the twentieth set, only the girl will be bornand there can be no options. If XY sperm enters the oocyte, a boy will be born that is, the floor is determined immediately.

It is noteworthy that women, as they think, have found a way to give birth to children of the right sex. They sincerely believe that the "boy" (XY) sperm cells are less tenacious, but faster, and therefore it is better to go for the little boy on the day of ovulation. The “girlish” sperm cells are more robust, less mobile, and therefore the daughter should be “sent” in that part of the fertile window that precedes ovulation, so that by the time the oocyte leaves the follicle, male sex cells of the XX type are waiting for it in the tube.

Further development of the reproductive system of the embryo is already taking into account the genetic data on the field.

• 5 week pregnancy and future boys, and future girls begin to form the first sex cells.
• On week 7 gestational period begins laying the gonads. Boys and testicles of girls ovaries at this time are located in the abdominal cavity.
• 8 week the formation of the sex glands is completed.

Up to this point, boys and girls are developing in the same way, without significant differences. But only from week 8, boys start to produce their own testosterone glands. The hormone has an effect on the formation of the male child’s body. Girls also exist for a long time due to the sex hormones of the mother and develop under their influence.

External genitals in boys and girls are underdeveloped, their prototype is laid only by the 9th week of pregnancy. At this time it is impossible to distinguish children by gender.. Boys and girls have a genital tubercle that looks exactly the same. Under the influence of testosterone in males, the bump is gradually transformed into the penis and scrotum, and the girl's - into the clitoris and labia.

In this article, we will not consider traditional methods and tables, since the accuracy of any such diagnosis is no more than 50%, that is, no matter how you turn, either a boy or a girl will be born. Consideration is subject only to scientifically-based methods that can answer the question of what sex to expect a child.

This is perhaps the most accurate and earliest way that is available for pregnant women after 9 weeks of pregnancy.

It is from them that the baby’s DNA will be allocated, which with an accuracy of 99.8% will provide an answer to the question of gender: 46XX result means that a girl will be born, and 46XY is your little son.

The test in Russia began to do just a few years ago. NIPT (non-invasive prenatal test) involves taking blood from a vein. The procedure is not much different from the delivery of the most ordinary blood test - take no more than 20 ml of blood. Special training analysis does not require. In addition to gender, the risks of possible chromosomal abnormalities of the fetus: Down syndrome, Turner, Patau and others will be identified. That is, before the first prenatal screening, which is scheduled for 10–13 weeks, a woman will know with great precision whether her baby is healthy.

The test can not be carried out:

• if the gestation period is less than 9 weeks;
• with multiple pregnancies, triplets;
• during pregnancy with a surrogate mother’s service (it will be difficult to isolate the baby’s DNA particles in her blood, because the pregnant woman is not a biological mother);
• during pregnancy from the IVF protocol using a donor egg.

Results will be available for 10–14 days. Cost from 25 to 60 thousand rubles.

Invasive prenatal diagnosis for sex determination is not used, the indications for it are completely different - determination of genetic abnormalities of the fetus, if the first screening at 10–13 weeks shows a high probability of chromosomal abnormalities.

This diagnosis poses a certain risk to the health of the woman and the life of the fetus, since it is associated with an invasion of the uterus and a fence for genetic analysis by means of a thin needle of amniotic fluid, from which the baby’s epithelium and DNA particles, umbilical cord blood, etc. can be isolated.

The earliest time at which parents can find out who they expect is the 12-13 week of pregnancy. But the accuracy at this time will not be so high - no more than 70%. Therefore, on the first screening, even if the doctor agrees to name the sex of the putozhitel, he will definitely warn that this is an inconclusive result.

It is not necessary for parents to independently try to examine the genitals of the child - even if in this period the doctor shows them on the screen or a snapshot, it is impossible to clearly see something clearly.

The highest accuracy of the result of the inspection of the floor on ultrasound - at 16 weeks or more. It is almost 90%, but in the second half of the gestation period, the accuracy decreases, because the baby becomes too large, he carefully groups, takes a flexion position in the uterus, as a result of which the genitals are often not visible at all or are closed with handles and umbilical cord.

In conclusion, I would like to talk about the tests that are offered in online stores as the earliest and most accurate diagnosis of the sex of the child according to the analysis of the mother's urine. They are the usual test strips. According to the manufacturers, their sensitivity is based on the determination of the sex hormone of the baby in the mother's urine.

Urine crumbs, when his kidneys begin to work (after 10–11 weeks of gestation), will be eliminated through the “fetus-placenta-mother” system, and when ingested into the mother's kidneys, the amount of the hormone will be almost elusive, even for laboratory diagnostics. Therefore tests that cost a lot and promise accurate results, in fact, are exactly the same guessingin which 50% is the probability of having a boy, and 50% is the probability of having a girl.