Vaccination against measles, rubella and parotitis

Vaccination against infections such as parotitis, rubella and measles, is present in the national Russian immunization schedule. What should parents know about such a vaccination in order to better understand whether their baby needs it?

Rubella in children is mostly mild, causing encephalitis in only one of the thousands of sick babies, but it is dangerous during pregnancy because it causes severe pathology in the fetus (deafness, blindness) or leads to miscarriage. That is why not vaccinated women planning to have a baby should take care of vaccination against this infection.

Mumps (mumps) is more dangerous for men, because the infection causes inflammation not only of the salivary glands, but also of the testes. According to statistics, orchitis with parotiditis develops in 20-30% of adolescent boys, as well as men, it often leads to infertility. In adolescent girls and women, in 5% of cases of parotiditis, the ovaries become inflamed, which can also cause infertility. Moreover, with parotid, the pancreas becomes inflamed in 4% of patients.

Measles is also classified as a dangerous infection, as it is very quickly transmitted from a sick person to other people, often causing complications (pneumonia, encephalitis, otitis media) and death. Especially dangerous is measles in early childhood. Also have measles vaccineIn this case, the child does not take on measles and mumps.

• A severe allergic reaction may develop to vaccination if an imported vaccine is administered to a child and he is allergic to eggs.
• Vaccination against measles and mumps is performed using Russian vaccines, and if parents want to choose an imported drug for their baby, they will need to buy it with their own money.

The mumps, measles and rubella vaccine can cause the following side effects:

• Local changes - a small swelling, hyperemia, pain (it happens in 10% of vaccinated).
• Fever - the temperature at 5-15 days after the injection rises to 39 degrees (it happens in 10-15% of children).
• A rash as a reaction to measles or rubella vaccine - occurs 5–15 days after vaccination in 5–15% of babies.
• Catarrhal changes - cough, sore throat, runny nose.
• The increase in salivary glands - occurs 5-21 days after vaccination, it happens on the one hand or bilateral, it takes 1-3 days.

These reactions do not require treatment and soon pass without a trace.

In rare cases, vaccination may have the following complications:

• Convulsive syndrome (at high temperature).
• Allergy.
• Encephalitis caused by the measles component (develops in one baby out of a million vaccinated, often when the child has immunodeficiency states).
• Serous meningitis caused by the mumps component (may develop in one in 100,000 vaccinated).

To make the risks of complications minimal, it is important to take into account all contraindications to this vaccination:

• It can not be carried out immediately after blood transfusion (only after three months).
• Vaccination should be postponed if the child has an acute illness or the chronic pathology has worsened until the condition improves (it is advised to vaccinate a month after recovery).
• Vaccination is not performed if the baby has immunodeficiency, cancer, or active tuberculosis.
• The drug should not be administered to children with allergies to aminoglycosides and eggs of chickens.

All infections that this vaccine will protect against are considered dangerous. For example, measles is transmitted through the air, so the risk of infection is very high. In this case, the disease significantly weakens the immune system. Mumps is dangerous for the risk of infertility, and rubella threatens normal pregnancy. And since there are no drugs against these pathogens, vaccination is the best way to protect against infection.

According to the vaccination schedule, vaccination is carried out at 12 months. The first revaccination also includes vaccination against all three infections and is performed at 6 years of age. If the child is not vaccinated within the prescribed time, rubella vaccination is carried out at 13 years of age.

Patriotic is measles vaccine, as well as measles and mumps (protects immediately from two infections). Among foreign drugs in our country, the vaccine against measles is Ruvax, rubella vaccines Ervevaks and Rudivax, as well as the combination drugs Prioriks and MMR II (they are vaccinated against all three infections at once).

A popular doctor is sure that all these infections are extremely dangerous, so vaccination will be the best way for all parents who care about the health of their children.

Before you enter the vaccine, the child must be examined by a doctor to determine the absence of contraindications. It is also recommended to pass on this test the urine and blood of the child.

All vaccines are presented in a dry form, therefore before introduction they are dissolved in the ampoule of a solvent attached to a preparation. The vaccine is injected subcutaneously in the shoulder or in the area under the scapula.

Local skin changes after the injection do not require any treatment and often pass in 1-2 days. If the child has a fever, his condition can be alleviated with an antipyretic drug. If there is an extensive local reaction, high fever, or other disturbing symptoms in a child, they should be shown to a doctor.