Educational toys for children

The development of the child passes through tactile sensations. It is during the game that the child develops, knows himself and the world around him.

Shops offer a large selection of educational toys for the harmonious development of your baby. Which toy to choose? At what age and how many toys are needed? You can answer these and other questions by reading this article.

Developmental is called such a toy, the main function of which is the development of the mental abilities of your child. It is able to develop certain skills in your children, such as attention, logic, speech, or vocabulary.

Also A.S. Makarenko noted in his writings about the important role of the game as a model of behavior in the future. When playing, children cultivate most of the qualities that are indispensable in adult life.

The phrase “developmental game” came to pedagogy, and then to everyday life thanks to Boris Pavlovich Nikitin, one of the founders of the theory of early child development. Developing games developed by Nikitin, together with his wife Elena Alekseevna were first released on industrial production in Germany.

You can buy a developing toy in the store or make it yourself from scrap materials. Here it is important to remember its main function: to be useful and to help the child develop fine motor skills, logic, speech, tactile sensations, imagination, memory and / or attention. A toy can be directed to the development of one or two kinds of child's activities, or it can cover the full list mentioned above.

In developing games, along with the pluses, there is a negative side. They do not always perform an important function - the independent construction of the game. Most often, they indicate the exact recommendations on how to play. For example, divide the fruits and vegetables from each other. There are children who complement these rules with their elements of the game, laying out the same items (fruits and vegetables), for example, by feeling sour-sweet.

A large selection of toys allows parents to find the right one for their beloved offspring. It remains only to determine what you like.

The title lays down the main function of the toy - sorting items. The very design of the toy (frame) should tell the kid the rules for sorting, most often, in form. Thanks to the sorter, invented by Maria Montessori, children develop fine motor skills, train movement coordination, gain knowledge about the color and shape of objects, become assiduous and attentive. Toy sorter is best for kids up to 4 years.

These types of toys include mobiles, rattles and musical instruments. Every parent knows that a mobile suspended above the crib perfectly develops memory and attention in the baby, and a properly selected rattle will allow the baby to develop fine motor skills and musical ear.

Counting table or abacus (from Latin abacus - counting board) - is a pyramid with pins for stringing balls of various colors on them. The pins are arranged in ascending order: from a small one (for stringing one ball) to a large one (for 5 balls).The goal of the game is to familiarize the child with the score, sorting the balls by color and stringing them on the pins.

Developing arches with toys will help your parents in a car, wheelchair or at home. They develop motor skills, tactile and color perception.

Such toys have a universal mount, their length and width is regulated by hinges, which makes them more versatile. Most often, the arcs are made of bright plastic and the clip is used as a fastener, because they are easy to attach to the stroller, crib and / or car carrier.

Arches with “suction” fastening can be used as floor in the house or away.

The toys attached to the arc will entertain the kid. Most of them are made of soft fabric, make loud or rustling sounds.

Some toys are filled with small plastic balls for the development of hand motility, and on others you can find a teether for baby teeth.

The title itself has an important goal - development through entertainment. By pressing a certain button, the baby gets the desired result and joy. Depending on age, sounds can be short or long, in the form of a word or a whole phrase. It helps to increase vocabulary, auditory memory and movement coordination.

Board games, especially in the company, help to learn how to work in a team, show their initiative, perseverance and train memory.

Board games can be divided into several types, depending on the age of children.

• 3-5 years. Details of the game for this age are large, bright. If this puzzles, then no more than 40 parts. If the game is on learning to score, then up to 10. If the cubes, then with large pictures.

• 6-9 years. At this age it becomes interesting to play strategy. You can safely play spies, or become real detectives!

• from 10 and up. Here, the guys can visit the role of farmers, millionaires, image makers, hairdressers. Many games help to acquire physical skills.

Educational toys are conventionally divided into several types capable of developing these or other abilities.

For fine motor skills, rustling objects, bags with different fillers, small constructor, lacing will be ideal. Many parents independently make bags of scrap materials or boards on which various small objects are attached. This also includes finger labyrinths, soft books and rattles of the combined types of fabrics.

To create the first creative masterpieces will help finger paints, pencils or clay.

Speech development plays an important function in the life of each child - he learns to identify the subject, to describe and answer questions using the game.

With the help of cards you can describe the phenomena of nature, sort the clothing items. Using an ordinary ball, play with the child in “edible - inedible”.

For the development of logical thinking and speech are used plot-role-playing games with finger puppets. You can come up with a fairy tale and play it together.

Speech bags with surprises are stimulated by the development of speech, when a children's pen gropes for an object and tries to give it certain characteristics, for example, “round - square”, “soft - hard”.

To develop attention in babies, rattles, toys on suckers and mobiles are used. For children a little older fit the arc with hanging toys and / or floor mats. For those who have learned to speak, you can use soft cubes with or without Velcro. Most often, these cubes help to play scenes, they are diverse in shape and color.

For the development of memory, puzzles are suitable in accordance with age, books with sound design of painted animals. Interactive friends reading poetry and singing songs will easily become assistants in the development of a child’s memory.

For the development of logic, the perfect toy will be puzzles. They help the child focus and recreate the completed picture step by step. Board games are excellent simulators for the development of logical thinking. For the same purpose, suitable mills for the bathroom, toys for swimming.

For the development of creative skills are appropriate sets: pencils, crayons, paints.

"Triangular" pencils will become indispensable helpers for those who are going to school soon. Thanks to its convenient form, children quickly understand how to hold a pencil correctly!

Increasingly, there are kits that use coloring books for reusable use. Children come to the delight of such drawings with colored sand.

To develop sensory skills will help sets for sculpting with molds.

Musical skills help develop interactive toys that make short or long sounds that mimic animals, cars, nature, and people. Children love to play musical instruments: press the piano keys, whistle at the pipe or beat the drum. All this helps them to develop a musical ear, hear the rhythm, some of them help to develop the lungs.

For the development of imagination the ideal toy will be finger puppets. The kid himself thinks up what is happening to them, chooses a plot and tries to continue it himself.

Designers, consisting of large and small parts, allow you to create different shapes, build pyramids, houses at your discretion.

Sandbox sets develop not only fine motor skills of hands, but also help kids to turn on their imagination while playing.

For the development of emotions it is good to use children's mirrors. A mirror helps to see and realize emotions, see how they express themselves. Sets of dolls depicting emotions, cards, balls with images - all this helps a child to know the world.

The development of spatial representation takes time. A child is born with hearing and sight, but he still does not understand what surrounds him around. He does not yet understand whether the object is close or far, does not recognize forms, does not understand high or low. Then come to the aid of interesting toys. For example, cubes, geometric simulators, pyramids, cups, sorters and constructors.

For the development of reading skills help cards with pictures. As soon as the baby learns to easily memorize and recognize shapes, colors and size, he will easily remember the letters. Interactive books, the alphabet will come to the rescue.

Bring the joy of communication and help develop reading skills interactive animals that can pronounce letters, numbers and whole sentences. Your child will be delighted with the toy that speaks to him in his language. Repeating the letters behind the interactive toy, the kid will easily remember the letters, learn to distinguish them and reproduce them independently.

For older children, illustrated books, letter cards, from which you can put words similar to cubes, will be an excellent trainer.

The game "Pentamino", consisting of 12 figures, each of which has 5 squares, is suitable for schoolchildren. The task of each is to make a rectangle of them.

Kids will help develop the mathematical skills of the counting tables - abacus.

It is no secret that a child develops when the toy is age appropriate.

• For children from 0 to 1 of the year Suitable rattles, arcs, mobiles, bright floor mats. They develop hearing and improve the perception of information, coordinate movement.It must be remembered that the information in this tender age should be in moderation: no more than two or three parts for one toy, the same for color solutions - the optimal number of colors is three. This will not allow your baby to get tired of the game.

• 1-2 years. At this age, suitable cubes, pyramids and / or abacus. You can learn to distinguish the colors of the form, as well as understand the principle of sorting parts.

• 2-3 years. You can safely give easy logical tasks, such as puzzles. Interactive toys will be ideal for the development of auditory memory.

• 3-5 years. It is time to boldly move from simple to complex parts. A good option will be the game "question-answer" in the form of lotto cards or interactive boards. Children learn to work with natural materials and clay. On the shelves you can find a large amount of clay from modern polymeric materials.

Plays with fairy tale characters, dolls, soft toys in the form of animals play an important role in the development.

• 5-7 years. Children are increasingly attracted to the games in the team. They enjoy playing board games with their peers. Create storylines, fantasize. Favorite game becomes the role-playing game "Family", where everyone tries on the role of parents and children. It is at this age that leadership skills are born. It should be remembered that in 5-7 years, preparation for the school season begins. Board logic games, sophisticated abacus or just counting sticks will help prepare for school.

• 8-9 years. Playing at this age should contain more information, teach children to make independent decisions, and also teach them to prove their point of view. Role-playing games "Professions" become favorite. So, girls learn to braid their hair, cook food, pick up clothes for dolls, try themselves as clothes designers, create an interior for dolls. Boys acquire the skills of an auto mechanic, a carpenter, a musician, and begin to understand electronics.

• From 9 and up. At this age, you are no longer a child, but also not a teenager. Children begin to imitate adults, more and more often playing role-playing games. Identify the abilities and talents of a child to become easier. Boys are increasingly addicted to games related to cars or appliances. Girls are fascinated by creativity.

Many start making toys on their own, for example wooden cars or rag dolls. They are interested in complex constructors with a large set of parts, such as "Lego".

As interactive toys are increasingly choosing animals that are most similar to real ones. Or musical instruments, such as synthesizer, guitar.

Increasingly, children at this age are attracted to themed play sets, such as “Doctor”, “Beauty Salon”, “Cook”.

An important indicator when buying a toy becomes a manufacturer.

• Company K »s Kids has long been fond of the Russian buyer. Production on a large scale began in the early 90s of the 20th century. Each toy is a patented hero developed by the company's designers. For many years, the manufacturer focuses on kids up to 3 years.

• For decades, LEGO remains the most famous among manufacturers of designers. The company's goal: the production of educational toys that bring joy to children. They cope with this task 100%.

• Fisher-Price is also well known in the Russian market. Her educational toys delight not only children, but also adults. They focus on babies from birth, their toys are always beautiful and interesting.

• Tiny Love from Israel has been working for forty years, giving joy to its customers. Toys aimed at the development of the senses, known throughout the world.

• Hansa specializes in the production of interactive pets.

• The American company Mattel is familiar to every girl.Their dolls are the most popular in the world, they are produced both in the base and in the limited collection.

• The Russian company "Umka" is located in Bashkotarstan. It was established in 2002. The main directions in production are the creation of gaming sensory rooms and educational toys.

• Omsk Toy Factory has been operating in the Russian market since 1998. During this time, she has released a large number of plastic and soft toys for children of all ages.

• The Kalyaka-Malyaka company produces not only products for creativity, but also educational toys. For 11 years, they delight their customers with good quality and assortment.

• The company Bondibon came to the market relatively recently, but has already managed to establish itself as one of the best in the segment of desktop educational games. They release games - puzzles of various levels of difficulty, scientific and educational games, plot - role-playing games, designers and much more.

1. Bondibon's Shy Rabbit educational game is designed for children over three years old. Bright wooden puzzle with tasks develops memory, logical thinking and color perception. It can be played alone or in company with an adult. The main task is to carry out the task of the card, placing the volume details of the rabbit. Buyers note that this toy is very useful, especially for training spatial thinking.

• The Umka training battery-powered caterpillar will help you learn letters, words, tongue twisters. It also helps to recognize the colors and shapes of objects. Customers note that children quickly learn a toy, memorize letters well, and learn poetry with a caterpillar.

• Book-toy "Matthew Van Fleet: Zoo" publishing house "Machaon" with textile inserts. A gift for the most inquisitive children. Opening the book, you find yourself in the world of flora and fauna, where on each page there are funny poems. Each figure is equipped with valves and parts that can be moved, opened, create sounds. The book will please anyone who buys it. Sticky octopuses, furry spiders, pearl shell and monkey with a tail live here. Children will be delighted with such a gift.

• Compact road version of the learning game "Noah's Ark" for children from 5 years. Soft figures of animals tend to quickly take their place on the ark (the playing field). But bad luck: not all animals have enough space! Compact packaging 24 * 18 cm will allow you to take with you on the road, folding it in a small handbag.

• Logic game "Rescuers", consisting of a playing field, 6 boats, cards and 7 figures will tell how to save the passengers of the vessel. To have time to save all the passengers, you must be extremely careful - the boats may collide with each other! An exciting puzzle game with multi-variant solutions suitable for older children.

• Interactive learning globe Vtech with the instruction in Russian will delight both children and adults. The globe contains 5 program options that will help you study the names of continents, oceans. Learn the sights and music of various countries of the world. The kit includes a detector, joystick and magnifier.

1. Any toy should be safe, namely: have a stable color, be made of a good quality material, do not have a smell.
2. The toy must match the age of the child. Manufacturers always indicate the recommended age. Some games and / or toys contain small parts that can become dangerous for very young researchers.
3. Pay attention to the color. The main task is to develop imagination, attention and bring joy to the baby, because too bright and flashy colors can cause aggression. If your baby refuses to play, just remove the new thing. Children better than adults feel that benefits.
4. Hygiene plays an equally important role. Any structures should be disassembled so that they can be easily washed or wiped.It is better not to wash cloth toys, use special dry baby shampoos to care for them.
5. A serious criterion when choosing a toy will be the price. Manufacturers who use only high-quality raw materials in their production incur serious costs. Therefore, a quality toy is not cheap.